System, Information, and Service Quality in Digital Gross Motor Assessment: The Mediating Role of User Trust in Early Childhood Education

Authors

  • Reni Supitno Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
  • Nenny Mahyuddin Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
  • Setiyo Utoyo Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
  • Yaswinda Yaswinda Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v18i3.10594

Keywords:

system quality, information quality, service quality, digital assessment, Trust Financing

Abstract

Digital assessment can support systematic monitoring of children’s gross motor development, but its effectiveness depends not only on technological availability but also on system quality, information quality, service quality, and users’ trust. This study examined the relationships among these factors in early childhood daycare settings. A quantitative cross-sectional explanatory study was conducted among 200 users of a digital gross motor development assessment system from 20 daycare centers in Batam City. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. Direct and indirect effects were tested using bootstrapping with 10,000 subsamples. System Quality, Information Quality, and Service Quality were positively associated with User Trust and perceived digital assessment effectiveness. Information Quality (β = 0.352) and User Trust (β = 0.369) showed the strongest direct relationships with perceived effectiveness, while System Quality had the strongest relationship with User Trust (β = 0.467). User Trust significantly mediated the relationships of System Quality (β = 0.172), Information Quality (β = 0.090), and Service Quality (β = 0.056) with perceived digital assessment effectiveness. Digital assessment in early childhood education is more likely to be perceived as effective when it provides reliable system performance, high-quality information, adequate support, and strong user trust. The findings extend the Information Systems Success Model to daycare-based gross motor assessment and highlight the importance of trustworthy, pedagogically meaningful digital assessment systems.

References

Alami, H., Lehoux, P., Gagnon, M. P., Fortin, J. P., Fleet, R., & Niang, M. (2022). Rethinking the implementation of digital health technologies: A systematic review of contextual factors influencing adoption and use. BMC Health Services Research, 22, Article 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-07534-8

Al-Fraihat, D., Joy, M., & Sinclair, J. (2020). Evaluating e-learning systems success: An empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.004

Alterkait, M. A., & Alduaij, M. Y. (2024). Impact of information quality on satisfaction with e-learning platforms: Moderating role of instructor and learner quality. SAGE Open, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241233400

Ashrafi, A., Zareravasan, A., Rabiee Savoji, S., & Amani, M. (2023). Exploring factors influencing students’ continuance intention toward online learning systems: The role of service quality and trust. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 11839–11865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11657-7

Blöbaum, B. (Ed.). (2021). Trust and communication: Findings and implications of trust research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72945-5

Chu, C., Paatsch, L., Kervin, L., & Edwards, S. (2024). Digital play in the early years: A systematic review. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 40, Article 100652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2024.100652

Chun, S., Jeong, S., Lee, J. H., Yoon, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, C., Han, J. S., & Park, Y. R. (2024). Comprehensive assessment and early prediction of gross motor performance in toddlers with graph convolutional networks–based deep learning: Development and validation study. JMIR Formative Research, 8, Article e51996. https://doi.org/10.2196/51996

DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748

Deng, W., et al. (2025). A systematic review of portable technologies for the early assessment of motor development in infancy. npj Digital Medicine.

Glikson, E., & Woolley, A. W. (2020). Human trust in artificial intelligence: Review of empirical research. Academy of Management Annals, 14(2), 627–660. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2018.0057

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Hooda, A., Gupta, P., Jeyaraj, A., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2023). Clarifying the role of e-government trust in e-government success models: A meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 27. https://doi.org/10.3127/ajis.v27i0.4079

Horváth, J. G. (2025). The role of digital trust in digital maturity models. Vezetéstudomány/Budapest Management Review, 56(9), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2025.09.05

Kim, H. H., Lee, J. H., Jeong, S., Chun, S., Yoon, J., Park, Y. R., & Han, J. S. (2023). Multiview child motor development dataset for AI-driven assessment of child development. GigaScience, 12, Article giad039. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giad039

Li, X., Hess, T. J., & Valacich, J. S. (2023). Why users trust digital information systems: The role of information quality, transparency, and perceived reliability. Information & Management, 60(5), Article 103806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2023.103806

Longoni, C., Bonezzi, A., & Morewedge, C. K. (2020). Resistance to medical artificial intelligence. Journal of Consumer Research, 46(4), 629–650. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucz013

Oesterreich, T. D., Anton, E., Hettler, F. M., & Teuteberg, F. (2025). What drives individuals’ trusting intention in digital platforms? An exploratory meta-analysis. Management Review Quarterly, 75, 3615–3667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-024-00477-2

Rahmatullah, R., Habibi, A., Khaeruddin, K., Yaqin, L. N., Alharmali, T. M., Omar Fauzee, M. S., & Mahat, J. (2025). A study of user satisfaction and net benefits in Indonesia through the DeLone and McLean model for e-government success. Discover Sustainability. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01645-4

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2024). SmartPLS 4. SmartPLS GmbH.

Roscoe, C. M. P., Taylor, N., Weir, N., Flynn, R. J., & Pringle, A. (2024). Impact and implementation of an early years fundamental motor skills intervention for children 4–5 years. Children, 11(4), Article 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11040416

Rulinawaty, R., Samboteng, L., Aripin, S., Hasanuddin, H., & Andriyansah, A. (2024). Investigating the influence of the updated DeLone and McLean information system success model on the effectiveness of learning management systems. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), Article 2365611. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2365611

Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2022). Partial least squares structural equation modeling. In C. Homburg, M. Klarmann, & A. Vomberg (Eds.), Handbook of market research (pp. 587–632). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15Chu, C., Paatsch, L., Kervin, L., & Edwards, S. (2024). Digital play in the early years: A systematic review. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 40, Article 100652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2024.100652

Sosa-Alonso, J. J., Hernández Rivero, V. M., Sanabria Mesa, A. L., & Bethencourt Aguilar, A. (2025). Adoption of digital educational resources by early childhood education teachers: A fad or a conviction? Computers & Education, 232, Article 105396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105396

Srimulyo, K., Yuadi, I., Hu, C. C., Indarwati, I. S. A., Gunarti, E., & Pratiwi, F. D. (2024). A comprehensive analysis of information quality in e-learning: An example of online learning with Brainly. TEM Journal, 13(4), 3205–3220. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM134-55

Xiong, Y., Hu, X., Cao, J., Shang, L., Yao, Y., & Niu, B. (2024). Development of gross motor skills in children under the age of 3 years: A decision tree approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 12, Article 1421173. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1421173

Downloads

Published

2026-09-22

How to Cite

Supitno, R., Mahyuddin, N., Utoyo, S., & Yaswinda, Y. (2026). System, Information, and Service Quality in Digital Gross Motor Assessment: The Mediating Role of User Trust in Early Childhood Education. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 18(3), 3565–3587. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v18i3.10594

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER 2026

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Reni Supitno

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.